diff --git a/src/algorithms/find_max_bubble.py b/src/algorithms/find_max_bubble.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e677354 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/algorithms/find_max_bubble.py @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +"""find_max_bubble — 冒泡排序法找最大值""" + +from __future__ import annotations + + +def find_max_bubble(nums: list[int | float]) -> int | float | None: + """冒泡排序后取最后一个元素,空列表返回 None。""" + if not nums: + return None + arr = list(nums) # 不修改原列表 + n = len(arr) + for i in range(n - 1): + for j in range(n - 1 - i): + if arr[j] > arr[j + 1]: + arr[j], arr[j + 1] = arr[j + 1], arr[j] + return arr[-1] diff --git a/src/algorithms/find_max.py b/src/algorithms/find_max_linear.py similarity index 60% rename from src/algorithms/find_max.py rename to src/algorithms/find_max_linear.py index e71fd53..aac1bce 100644 --- a/src/algorithms/find_max.py +++ b/src/algorithms/find_max_linear.py @@ -1,9 +1,9 @@ -"""find_max — 从数字列表中查找最大值""" +"""find_max_linear — 线性扫描法找最大值""" from __future__ import annotations -def find_max(nums: list[int | float]) -> int | float | None: +def find_max_linear(nums: list[int | float]) -> int | float | None: """返回列表中的最大值,空列表返回 None。""" if not nums: return None @@ -12,3 +12,7 @@ def find_max(nums: list[int | float]) -> int | float | None: if num > result: result = num return result + + +# 兼容别名 +find_max = find_max_linear diff --git a/src/algorithms/find_max_quickselect.py b/src/algorithms/find_max_quickselect.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ae70600 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/algorithms/find_max_quickselect.py @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +"""find_max_quickselect — 快速选择 partition 思路找最大值""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import random + + +def find_max_quickselect(nums: list[int | float]) -> int | float | None: + """使用快速选择的 partition 思路直接找最大值,空列表返回 None。""" + if not nums: + return None + arr = list(nums) # 不修改原列表 + return _quickselect_max(arr, 0, len(arr) - 1) + + +def _quickselect_max(arr: list[int | float], lo: int, hi: int) -> int | float: + """在 arr[lo..hi] 中找最大值。 + + Lomuto partition: < pivot 左,>= pivot 右。 + pivot 落在 store 位置,最大值在 [store, hi]。 + """ + if lo == hi: + return arr[lo] + + pivot_idx = random.randint(lo, hi) + arr[pivot_idx], arr[hi] = arr[hi], arr[pivot_idx] + + pivot = arr[hi] + store = lo + for i in range(lo, hi): + if arr[i] < pivot: + arr[store], arr[i] = arr[i], arr[store] + store += 1 + arr[store], arr[hi] = arr[hi], arr[store] + + # store 是 pivot 最终位置 + # 如果 store == hi,pivot 是当前区间最大值 + if store == hi: + return arr[store] + # 否则在 store+1..hi 中继续找(右侧都 >= pivot) + return _quickselect_max(arr, store + 1, hi) diff --git a/tests/test_find_max.py b/tests/test_find_max.py index 1bbdb1b..4cb875b 100644 --- a/tests/test_find_max.py +++ b/tests/test_find_max.py @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import pytest -from src.algorithms.find_max import find_max +from src.algorithms.find_max_linear import find_max class TestFindMax: diff --git a/tests/test_find_max_three.py b/tests/test_find_max_three.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..166b4eb --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/test_find_max_three.py @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +"""三种排序算法找最大值 — 单元测试""" + +import pytest + +from src.algorithms.find_max_linear import find_max_linear +from src.algorithms.find_max_bubble import find_max_bubble +from src.algorithms.find_max_quickselect import find_max_quickselect + +ALL_ALGOS = [find_max_linear, find_max_bubble, find_max_quickselect] + + +# ── 通用测试(每种算法都跑) ── + +@pytest.mark.parametrize("algo", ALL_ALGOS, ids=["linear", "bubble", "quickselect"]) +class TestAllAlgorithms: + def test_normal_list(self, algo): + assert algo([3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6]) == 9 + + def test_empty_list(self, algo): + assert algo([]) is None + + def test_single_element(self, algo): + assert algo([42]) == 42 + + def test_negative_numbers(self, algo): + assert algo([-5, -1, -10, -3]) == -1 + + def test_floats(self, algo): + assert algo([1.5, 2.7, 0.3, 3.14]) == 3.14 + + def test_mixed_int_float(self, algo): + assert algo([1, 2.5, 3, 0.1]) == 3 + + def test_duplicate_max(self, algo): + assert algo([7, 7, 7]) == 7 + + +# ── 一致性测试(同输入三法结果相同) ── + +class TestConsistency: + @pytest.mark.parametrize("nums", [ + [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6], + [-5, -1, -10, -3], + [1.5, 2.7, 0.3, 3.14], + [42], + [7, 7, 7], + [0, -0.0, 0.0], + [100, 200, 50, 150, 75], + ]) + def test_three_algorithms_same_result(self, nums): + results = [algo(nums) for algo in ALL_ALGOS] + assert all(r == results[0] for r in results), f"Inconsistent: {results}" + + def test_empty_consistency(self): + results = [algo([]) for algo in ALL_ALGOS] + assert all(r is None for r in results) + + def test_does_not_mutate_input(self): + original = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6] + for algo in ALL_ALGOS: + nums = list(original) + algo(nums) + assert nums == original, f"{algo.__name__} mutated input"